Use Multiplication to Divide with 2, 3, 4, and 5

Key Concepts:

• Multiplication facts to divide with 2.
• Multiplication facts to divide with 3.
• Multiplication facts to divide with 4.
• Multiplication facts to divide with 5.

The Relation between multiplication and division:

Multiplication and division are closely related. When we divide, we look to separate into equal groups, while multiplication involves joining equal groups.

• 2 x 6 = 12 can be written as 12 ÷ 2 = 6.
• 3 x 5 = 15 can be written as 15 ÷ 3 = 5.
• 4 x 7 = 28 can be written as 28 ÷ 4 = 7.
• 5 x 6 = 30 can be written as 30 ÷ 5 = 6.

4.2.1 Multiplication facts to divide with 2

Example1:

Shan went to this shop. He saw 8 candles on the table. A worker has to put them equally in 2 packets. How many candles will be there in one packet?

Solution:

Find 8 ÷ 2.

Two times what number is 8?

2 x 4 = 8.

8 ÷ 2 = 4.

One way:

Another way:

4.2.2 Multiplication facts to divide with 3

Example 1:

Rosalind wants to pack 9 donuts for her friends. She packs 3 donuts into each box. How many boxes of donuts were there?

Solution:

Find 9 ÷ 3.

What number times 3 is 9.                                      

3 x 3 = 9.

9 ÷ 3 = 3.

One way:

Another way:

4.2.3 Multiplication facts to divide with 4

Example 1:

Chris arranged 16 squares in 4 rows with colors. How many squares are arranged in each row?

Solution:

Find 16 ÷ 4.

What number times 4 is 16.

4 x 4 = 16.                                                                 

16 ÷ 4 = 4.

One way:

Another way:

4. 2.4 Multiplication facts to divide with 5

Example 1:

Gloria distributed fruits to her students. She distributed 20 fruits among 5 children equally. How many fruits did each child get?

Solution:

Find 20 ÷ 5

What number times 5 is 20

5 x 4 = 20

20 ÷ 5 = 4

One way:

Another way:

Exercise:

1. Find each quotient.
   a. 12 ÷ 3= __________.
   b. 16 ÷ 2 = __________.
   c. 45 ÷ 5 =___________.
2. How can understanding 6 x 3 = 18 help you divide 18 ÷ 3?
3. Complete each fact family.
   a. 3 x 7 = 21 ___________.
   b. 21 ÷ 3 = 7 ___________.
   c. 4 x 9 = 36 __________.
   d. 36 ÷ 4 = 9 __________.
4. Carla put 18 toys into two party bags. She put the same number of toys in each bag. Find the number of toys that are there in each bag?
5. Complete the fact family of the following.

6. 3times what number is 15?

7. Olivia took along four friends to a local farm to pick apples. They picked 40 apples in all. Find the number of apples will each one get if they decided to share them equally?

8. Ria baked 15 pancakes cupcakes for her children. She shared equally among 3 of her children; find the pancakes each child will get?

9. Nina put 25 cups away in the cupboard. She arranged the cups in stacks of 5. How many stacks did Nina make?

10. Bruce had 16 pine cones. He divided them equally into 4 bowls. How many pine cones are there in each bowl?

Concept map:

What have we learned:

• Understand how to use multiplication facts to divide with 2, 3, 4 and 5.
• Understand how to find the quotient.
• Understand two ways to write division problem.
• Recognize the divisor, dividend, quotient for the given problem of division.